Apartment Sale Proposal :: essays research papers

VINTAGE REALTY GROUP Subject: A One Bedroom Apartment Unit at the Bay Garden Neighborhood Dear Mr. The 1311 apartment unit offers a breathtaking view on the Bay and the city skyline. It has been fully renovated, also with careful details that enhance its natural beauty. You can call this apartment unit beautiful. You might consider it convenient, or even call it relaxing. But most importantly, we believe this is the place you can call home. The entire living room area overlooks the Bay and exclusive Star Island with magnificent sunsets and cruise ships at a distance. Wall-to-wall white Italian marble floors add to its beauty. A remarkable bathroom features Calcutta gold marble floors and high quality Kohler fixtures. A full kitchen provides you with views of the Bay and a cute dinning area. Practical and convenient Murphy bed that folds into the wall can accommodate extra visitors or a growing family. Two air conditioning units keep each room at the optimum temperature. Added inner railing that blend with the window frames can accommodate a  ¾ inch thick sheet of plywood and provide extra protection and peace of mind in case of any weather disturbances. Bay Garden is a 14-story building at 1450 Bay Road, Miami Beach, located just a few blocks from Lincoln Road, with its classy shops and gourmet restaurants. Building includes a same floor laundry room, easy access parking, beautiful swimming pool surrounded by palm trees and a fabulous Art Deco district location in South Beach. You will be close to the action and the fun. However, at the same time you will enjoy endless hours of peace and quiet by the Bay. Everything is at a walking distance including Regal Cinemas Theater complex, legendary Ocean Drive, the beach, and South Shore Hospital. Priced to sell at $93, 000, the unit is built to last more than a

IKEA India Entry Strategy Essay

IKEA originated in 1943 by a 17 year old Ingvar Kamprad using his entrepreneurial skills selling items out of a catalog and continued to expand where his stores is located in more than 30 countries currently. IKEA sells furniture and other household products at a very low price so that everyone can afford them. IKEA is always looking to save money on their packaging, costs, and any other opportunity they get to save money. As a team we thought it would be most beneficial for IKEA to enter into India specifically Mumbai, India. India is one of the most emerging countries and gives IKEA a great opportunity. As a team we feel IKEA should implement interior designers that help people decide which furniture properly fits in their house hold. The interior designer will be extremely knowledgeable and accommodating when helping people decorate their homes. India is an emerging country with one of the largest democracies in the world. India has one of the largest populations in the World which is a great opportunity for IKEA. One problem with the huge population is the wide array of income ranging from the very wealthy all the way down to the lower class who may work for as little as a dollar a day. The furniture industry in India only consists of .05% of its GDP which is another reason IKEA has a great opportunity to be successful in India. India has a large opportunity for FDI (foreign direct investment) because of the current economic conditions and the rapid growth rate of the country in terms of GPD and other economic indicators. IKEA in India will maintain the original Swedish logo and plans to target people in India in the lower middle class and above. It is estimated that there are between 30 and 300 million people that would fit into IKEA’s target market. IKEA plans to start as one store in Mumbai and expand depending on sales and revenue. IKEA will need to have managers who are experienced help with the opening procedure to ensure that everything is done right. It is essential for IKEA to hire Indian managers and retail  workers as they will be able to make a connection to the guests that foreigners might not be able to make. People of India understand how life works, what people want, and how they do business. IKEA will need to cover all aspects of business in terms of employment from sales people all the way up to top management and everything in between. IKEA must promote and market their opening properly so that people are aware of the store location and what it has to offer. Advertising and promotion is very important for them and utilizing social media could be a large attribute to their marketing campaign. IKEA is going to issue common stock and other aspects of business to ensure that they can afford the transition into India. There are many challenges that IKEA may face in this process, but through careful analysis and marketing research they can overcome any adversity that may come their way. COMPANY OVERVIEW: IKEA was established in 1943 where 17 year old Ingvar Kamprad started a local catalog selling household goods with money that his father had given him. Kamprad ran a very successful business and decided to open selling furniture at a low price. Kamprad established a name for himself becoming very reliable, dependable, and offering a good product at a low price. In 1965, one of the biggest stores was opened where people of Sweden lined up outside the doors waiting for the store to open. Kamprad ran a very successful business expanding globally and penetrated the market in the United States in Pennsylvania in 1985. IKEA is considered to be one of the World’s top furniture retailers generating more than $12 million in profit in 2002. IKEA sells furniture and other miscellaneous products at a very low price allowing numerous people to purchase their products. IKEA sets an initial benchmark in regards to the pricing and then cut the prices by more than 20-50% to ensure guests of all social classes can purchase there items. IKEA understands that only allowing the upper class to purchase their product eliminates a large amount of potential customers. IKEA also tries to attract to college students who are  on a tight budget, but need to purchase furniture for dorm rooms or apartments. IKEA’s mission statement is: â€Å"The IKEA Concept is based on offering a wide range of well designed, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them. Rather than selling expensive home furnishings that only a few can buy, the IKEA Concept makes it possible to serve the many by providing low-priced products that contribute to helping more people live a better life at home.† IKEA will continue to sell their products at a low price as long as people continue to assemble their own products. A huge difference between IKEA and other leading furniture retailers is that IKEA does not assemble products for their customers which keep their costs low. IKEA is very price conscious and always trying to keep costs down. An example of keeping costs low is the flat boxes they use for their products which minimize shipment costs and also production costs. IKEA managers have been trained to make employees aware of exceeding costs that are harmful to the company such as shutting lights or computers off that are not in use. IKEA currently operates in 42 different countries all over the world, selling products at low affordable prices for everyone. When IKEA began going international they ran into some problems as they did not do marketing research to learn about what the customer wants. An example is in Philadelphia, USA where customers complained about furniture not fitting with the American lifestyle. IKEA scrambled to gather information to regain their position in the international market. IKEA learned a lot of lessons about entering internationally realizing there are many changes that need to occur to succeed internationally. After this mishap in the United States, IKEA developed a marketing research team which has led to their success in the other countries around the world that they entered. IKEA maps there stores out properly to ensure that people spend money while there. They often have furniture at the beginning of the store with a pathway leading customers throughout the store to see everything. If a  customer wants to purchase a particular item they write down the code and give it to the workers in the warehouse. At the end of the journey throughout the store customers also will be given the opportunity to purchase smaller items such as pens, pencils, paper, and other miscellaneous products affiliated with furniture or household goods. This is a beneficial marketing and strategic planning for IKEA to maximize their profits by the layout of their stores. INDIA – COUNTRY ANALYSIS India is the world’s largest democracy and is the second most populous country. It is one of the most diverse nations with numerous cultures, religions and languages. It is taking long strides with a progressive pace in terms of highly improved rate of literacy, health and life expectancy and majority of its citizens have been less affected by poverty, when compared to the past. In the past decade, India has turned out to be a major player in the economic arena. For a while now, it has been growing at a rate of around 8% and is the second fastest growing nation, second only to China. A great amount of credit for this growth is attributed to the policies adopted by the Indian government and the youth, which forms a huge part of the population. With this growth, India is on the brink of a makeshift. It has become a major market for many companies and has paved way for huge corporations to set up their businesses and invest heavily. PESTLE ANALYSIS In business, PESTLE analysis is very important. Originally designed as a business environmental scan, PESTLE analysis is an analysis of the external macro-environment in which a business operates. These are factors which are beyond the control or influence of a business, however are important to be aware of when doing product development, business or strategy planning. PESTLE stands for: P- Political E- Economical S- Social T- Technological L- Legal E-Environmental For businesses to be set up, let us look at the PESTLE analysis of India. POLITICAL India is the biggest democracy in the world. It is a federal republic. The political situation in the India is more or less stable. Most of its democratic history, the federal Government of India has been led by the (INC) Indian National Congress. State politics has been dominated by several national parties including the INC. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the Communist Party of India (CPI), and various regional parties are the other major players on the Indian political scene. In the 2009 Indian elections, the INC won the biggest number of Lok Sabha seats and formed a government with an alliance called the United Progressive Alliance (UPA), supported by various left-wing parties and members opposed to the BJP. Ideological inclination of political parties, influence of party forums, civil society etc. creates a political environment that promotes stability. In India, many political factors affect the business environment. For example, Bangalore established itself as the most impo rtant IT centre of India mainly because of political support. The major factors that affect the political environment are:- Taxation policy India has a well developed tax structure with a three-tier federal structure, comprising the Union Government, the State Governments and the Urban &Rural Local Bodies. The power to levy taxes and duties are distributed among the three tiers of Governments, in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Constitution. The main taxes/duties that the Union Government is empowered to levy are Income Tax, Customs duties, Central Excise and Sales Tax and Service Tax. The principal taxes levied by the State Governments are Sales, Stamp Duty, State Excise, Land Revenue, and Duty on Entertainment and Tax on Professions & Callings. The Local Bodies are empowered to levy tax on properties, Octroi Tax on Markets and Tax/User Charges for utilities like water supply, drainage, etc. Privatization Privatization reduces the political interface in the management of enterprises, leading to improved efficiency and productivity. India has adopted privatization in a big way. Most of the publicly owned enterprises have now been privatized. For example, a great part of the Indian Railways has been privatized which has improved the quality of service to a great extent. Deregulation After the reforms of 1991, the Indian government adopted a policy of deregulation. It has loosened its control on most industries which has helped the industries grow. ECONOMIC In order to solve economic problems, the government took several steps including control by the State of certain industries, central planning and reduced importance of the private sector. The main objectives of India’s development plans were: Initiate rapid economic growth to raise the standard of living, reduce unemployment and poverty Become self-reliant and set up a strong industrial base with emphasis on heavy and basic industries Reduce inequalities of income and wealth Adopt a socialist pattern of development – based on equality and prevent exploitation of man by man As a part of economic reforms, the Government of India announced a new industrial policy in July 1991. The broad features of this policy as follows: The Government reduced the number of industries under compulsory licensing to six. Disinvestment was carried out in case of many public sector industrial enterprises. Policy towards foreign capital was liberalized. The share of foreign equity participation was increased and in many activities 100 per cent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) was permitted. Automatic permission was now granted for technology agreements with foreign companies. Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) was setup to promote and channelize foreign investment in India. The economic factors in India are improving continuously. India has the third highest GDP in terms of purchasing power parity. Foreign direct investment in India rose 13 percent to $50.81 billion in the first 11 months of 2011 from a year earlier. India is a very attractive destination for investing as can be seen below. The Indian Economy is also witnessing a boom in the Retail sector. Almost 60  percent of the consumers are willing to try out new products and services. Around 44 percent of Indians are willing to invest in the stock market as the disposable incomes are going beyond the level of savings. The attitudes and thinking of consumers has also changed compared to the previous year because of a reduction in the dependence on male member or shopper. According to a survey, Indian consumers are willing to spend more on home improvements (38%) and leisure holidays (37%). The Total retail market of India is Rs. 19.48 Lakh Crore of which Rs.0.126 lakh crore is organized. The organized market is growing at a rate of 28% and is expected to touch Rs. 0.206 lakh crore in 2011-12. The organized retail market share to total GDP is 2.1% and to that of private consumption is 3.4%. Organized retail share to total retail market is 6.5%, which is estimated to touch 8.1% in 2012-13. SOCIAL Changes in social trends can impact the demand for a firm’s products and the availability and willingness of individuals to work. In India, for example, the population has been ageing. This has increased the costs for firms who are committed to pension payments for their employees because their staff is living longer. It also means some firms have started to recruit older employees to tap into this growing labor pool. It describes the characteristics of the society in which the organization exists. Literacy rate, customs, values, beliefs, lifestyle, demographic features and mobility of population are part o the social environment. It is important for managers to notice the direction in which the society is moving and formulate progressive policies according to the changing social scenario India is the second most populous nation in the world with an approximate population of over 1.1billion people. This population is divided in the following age structure: 0-14 years – 31.8%, 15-64 years – 63.1% and65 years and above – 5.1%. TECHNOLOGICAL New technologies create new products and new processes. MP3 players, computer games, online gambling and high definition TVs are all new markets created  by technological advances. Online shopping, bar coding and computer aided design are all improvements to the way business is done. Technology can reduce costs, improve quality and lead to innovation. These developments can benefit consumers as well as the organizations providing the products. India, in the past decade, has witnessed a technological growth unparalleled. With the advent of Information Technology, India has become the most favored destination for IT projects. This has helped in creating employment and raised the standard of living of many. Most of the government projects are now been carried out in consultation with private partners who bring in high-end technology. For example, the Bandra-Worli Sea Link project in Mumbai was done in collaboration with a Chinese firm which helped the project technically. LEGAL These are related to the legal environment in which firms operate. In recent years in the India there have been many significant legal changes that have affected firms’ behavior. The introduction of discrimination and disability discrimination legislation, an increase in the minimum wage and greater requirements for firms to recycle are examples of relatively recent laws that affect an organization’s actions. Legal changes can affect a firm’s costs and demand. This consists of legislation that is passed by the parliament and state legislatures. Examples of such legislation specifically aimed at business operations including the Trade mark Act 1969, Essential Commodities Act 1955, Standards of Weights and Measures Act 1969 and Consumer Protection Act 196. ENVIRONMENTAL Environmental factors include the weather and climate change. Changes in temperature can impact many industries including farming, tourism and insurance. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming and with greater environmental awareness, this external factor is becoming a significant issue for firms to consider. The growing desire to protect the  environment is having an impact on many industries such as the travel and transportation industries (for example, more taxes being placed on air travel) and the general move towards more environmentally friendly products and processes is affecting demand patterns and creating business opportunities. India has also realized the importance of these necessities and the government has laid down several norms for companies which they must adhere to if they need to run their businesses. INDIAN FURNITURE INDUSTRY INDUSTRY OVERVIEW The furniture industry in India is considered as a â€Å"non-organized† sector as it represents a small percentage (about 0.5%) of contribution to the formation of GDP. Moreover, the production is increasing every year. The furniture industry is categorized into various categories amongst which handicraft production is the major category which accounts for about 85% of the total furniture production in India. The wooden furniture is the major part of this non-organized sector, which caters mainly to home furniture demand. Demand for household furniture is easily affected by economic conditions such as disposable income, interest rates, employment level and income growth. The total size of the Indian furniture industry is estimated at around INR 900 billion. Eighty five percent of this falls into the unorganized sector. The furniture market is growing by 12-15 per cent per annum. In fact, around 300,000 workers are held by the furniture industry. FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS THE BARRIERS TO NEW ENTRANTS Barriers to entry explain the different criteria that could act possible barriers for companies to venture into new markets. For the Indian furniture market, the following could be the barriers: †¢ Cost of capital requirements The capital required to set up a furniture business could be pretty heavy and companies would have look for investors in order to meet the heavy capital requirements. †¢ Experiences and knowledge Since furniture business, in term of manufacturers and retailers, is considered as a shopping good which needs more time in selection so reputation is significant for the companies. Consistent with Imported furniture in India are booming, design becomes the first criteria in selecting furniture. This is influenced heavily by reputation and strong relation with customers and suppliers. How to begin and maintain the relationship along the value chain will help ensure survival in the furniture business. Developing relationships require knowledge and experiences which can be acquired and collected during operating in the market. This implies that this factor favors the companies already in the market. †¢ Legislation The legal aspect is not much of relevance for India furniture industry in terms of an impediment. Rather, it provides the opportunities of lower tariffs for the new comers. THE BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS In India the bargaining power of customers in furniture market is high. Most of the time in furniture buying process is spent in looking and shopping products and once consumers decide what to buy, they will buy from retail or wholesale stores. Furthermore, designed furniture increasingly becomes to the furniture trend in Indian market. Product design is mostly in hand of retailers or wholesalers since they meet the need of consumers who come to  their shop therefore they know styles in the current trend. Porter suggests that retailers power become significant greater over manufacturers when they are able to influence consumer’s purchasing decisions. In case of India furniture market, the ability of retailers to shape future market significantly increases the power of the buyers. THE BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS The power of suppliers is in the same direction as the power of buyers in the sense that it can squeeze profitability out of the industry. Suppliers can use bargaining power over participants in an industry by raising prices or reducing the quality of goods or services. In Indian furniture industry the bargaining power of customers in furniture market is low. The modern design furniture rapidly becomes a furniture trend. Manufacturers produce furniture in various styles given by interior designers or retailers. This can lower the supplier power. THE THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SERVICES The stronger the substitution in the industry less profitable the industry is. Wooden furniture is the main product in Indian furniture industry. The potential substitution of tropical wood products is the obvious non-wood products. Aluminum or plastic products may be a substitute for wood products. The threat of the substitute aluminum is gradually high since the demand for aluminum product is gradually growing with the current prospects of Indian economic development in the coming decades. To compare with wood the advantage of aluminum is mainly its durability, high flexibility, easy maintenance and no rust. RIVALRY AMONG EXISTING COMPETITORS Rivalry among existing firms can be fierce. For a company to improve its competitive position, knowledge of its industry situation and its rivals is essential. The more the rivalry is intense, the less that industry is profitable. †¢ Number of rivals The competitive environment in India furniture industry seems to be low in the terms of intensity since there are not many companies in the industry. However, foreign competitors through foreign investment play an important role in the industry because of the growing trend of imported furniture. †¢ The industry growth Porter argues that slow industry growth leads to increasing competition since firms in the industry are inevitable to seek their expansion. From empirical findings, we found out that furniture market in India is growing positively every year. This implies that competition in the industry is not likely to be severe †¢ Product differentiation In an industry, product differentiation plays a significant role in protecting from competitors as customers have preferences and loyalty to particular sellers according to Porter. In Indian furniture industry, design makes product differentiated and design rapidly becomes trend. This means competition in this industry tends to be weak as a lot of design options are available which can generate product differentiation to meet the customer’s specific needs. INDIA – A GREAT PLACE TO INVEST India has a very stable political environment which has been suitable for foreign investors and its policies over the last few years have been successful to attract FDI in various sectors This shows that India is a fruitful market for companies planning to invest and enter this market. India is an important member of WTO which urges it to abide by its rules and regulations. India has the second largest population in the world which makes it a huge economy as it also has a rapid and stable economic growth  with low inflation rate and strong rupee value. India also has a cheap labor as compared to other developing countries. These indicators clearly signify India as a suitable place for the investors to invest. We have noticed that imported furniture is flooding in the market and growing up rapidly every year. The government policy of allowing 100% FDI in single brand retail is an added motive and enhances opportunities for foreign players in entering into Indian market. The ability of retailers to shape future market is increasing, however, buyer’s bargaining power is exerted very little as it doesn’t appear to be one single buyer who purchases large volumes of furniture and supplier’s bargaining power is also low as most of products are in hand of retailers in view of product design. Competitive situation in Indian furniture industry is not too intense due to the high growth of the industry and a small number of companies in the industry. 3. IKEA IN INDIA From the previous part, PESTLE and Five-Force analysis shows the great opportunity for the furniture industry in India. This time, with strong global presence and reputation itself, IKEA should really enter India for further profitability, by the large population and supportive business environment. This part we will explain the IKEA project organized in India by site selection and company strategy. IKEA entering India seems to be a quite promising idea, and as a team we have thought of another aspect that could prove to be quite profitable for IKEA. We feel that hiring interior designers to visit people’s homes or apartment building and help them with the process could generate more sales. An experienced interior designer who is knowledgeable can help sell products and also make recommendations for the customers. Many customers who don’t have a good sense of fashion can be left clueless when trying to shop for furniture or other household accessories. The interior designer will have a catalog with them when they make the initial visit, browsing with the customer. The customer has to pay a flat rate for the interior designer and then what ever they want to purchase. By allocating an interior designer IKEA could make more money because sales people have a tendency to push  products on people and create more sales for the company. 3.1 SITE SELECTION According to the India government (2012), India consists of 28 states and 7 Union territories. Each state has a unique demography, history and culture, value and language (India government, 2012). Using this information it is important that the first store implemented into India is essential for further success. Similar to China, India established the Special Economic Zones Acts (SEZs) in 2005 (Rawat, Bhushan and Surepally, 2011). The authors also point out that in investing there, a company will be given a variety of friendly business conditions e.g. incentives and tax exemptions. Supporting by Dohrmann (2008), SEZs will support business and will particularly enhance the competitiveness of export-oriented activities. IKEA might not be a direct exporter, but we see future potential that IKEA could establish the regional factory in India with the centre location connecting Asia and Europe and other branches. There are a number of states that have been part of SEZs, e.g. Andhra Pradesh, Chandigarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. (SEZ India 2012). Our first location or destination for India is the Western part specifically Mumbai, one of India’s most intensive business hubs and residents, locates (Figure X). We plan to settle a store in suburbs which is near Mumbai, possibly between Pune and Mumbai. The reason why we select this district is its favorable business environments which possibly encourage IKEA’s performance immensely. This derived from the advantages of land value, SEZs preferential treatments and Mumbai economy. Land value Real estate and land value are one of main priorities in establishing a new store. Although IKEA might have plenty of capital, we need to ensure the investment will be made in order to continue to be lucrative and profitable.  According to The Economic Times (2011), _’Property prices in the Delhi NCR region have escalated between 10-45% in the last one year.’,_ whereas Mumbai, on the contrary, the land value is subjected to fall 30% and even more as the developer was forced to sell the estate (Thakur, 2011). Therefore, IKEA had better started from less-costly area and when the firm keep progressing well, settling around New Delhi or Kalkatta can really be considered. SEZs Since Maharashtas has become SEZs, it attracts MNEs and foreign investors for certain. Rawat, Bhushan and Surepally (2011) exemplify that Duty free was allowed for import procurement of products and materials for development, operation and maintenance. Also, the company will benefit from many types of tax exemptions, for example, an exemption from export income 50 or 100% (under conditions), from Central Sales Tax, service tax and state sales tax. Therefore, under SEZs Act, it is not only support cost-effective strategy for IKEA but also lead to future investment of the company in the region, for instance, establish the manufacturing site or regional assemble activity. c. Mumbai’s developing economy and increasing population gives IKEA incentive to start business there. Mumbai is renowned as India’s major financial and commercial capitol as generates 6.16% of national GDP (The Financial Express, 2008). Other emerging companies located in Mumbai will establish competition, but also ensure that business continues to grow. Furthermore, it was ranked among the fastest cities in India for business start-up (MMRDA, 2009) which would allow our company to continuously grow. Regarding Demographic data, Mumbai is the largest city in regards to population. According to the 2011 census, the population of Mumbai city was more than 12 million (Figure Xb), (national population, 1.21 billion) and it has been increasing over time (BBC, 2011). Besides, in comparing to other major cities i.e. Delhi, Kolkatta and Chennai, Mumbai represented the  greatest growth over three decades (Figure Xc).

William Shakespeare s The Great Depression - 1201 Words

Sybil seems to be different. What people are not aware of is that she suffers from a rare mental disorder, often referred to as multiple personality disorder. Sybil was not born with this mental disease either. Throughout Sybil s childhood she was abused by her mother. The actions of her mother have made an impact on who Sybil is today. Sybil knows she has suffered from blackouts. During these blackouts another alter, a â€Å"different person,† is presented. Each alter may have distinct traits, personal history, and ways of thinking about and relating to his or her surroundings. An alter may even be of a different gender, have his or her own name, and have distinct mannerisms or preferences. These alters remain present even after the trauma is long past. In fact, they often don t occur until adulthood. Dissociation may also be described as a mental escape. Alters are created as a way of escaping the painful memories through denial, they are also created to help them not harm t he individual (Dissociative Identity Disorder† Cleveland). The alters often make the person believe those traumatic incidents happened to another person. These alters may also try to â€Å"kill off each other† in belief that they are unaffected because it is not â€Å"their† body. A person will go through a series of steps to help cope with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). A person with DID experiences the process of trauma, diagnosis, and treatment. Trauma at a young age, mainly in developing stages, is theShow MoreRelatedHamlet Theme Of Death1278 Words   |  6 Pages(A analysis of the theme of death in Hamlet, Acts 3-5) â€Å"The undiscovered country, from whose bourn No traveller returns, puzzles the will,† (Shakespeare 144 Act 3 scene 1 lines 86-87). The question that still plagues humanity today. What is after death, where do we go? No one of this earth can answer this question. In the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the theme of death is one of the main themes of this famous play. The theme of death continues throughout the entire play from the beginningRead MoreComparing Midlife Crisis Denial, Depression, And Displacement Of Shakespeare Hamlet 1262 Words   |  6 PagesMidlife crisis Denial, Depression, and Displacement in Shakespeare â€Å"Hamlet† A popular twentieth-century Swiss-American psychiatrist named Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross believes that once an individual experiences a loss they exhibit five distinct stages of grieving. Kà ¼bler-Ross model can be broken down into five stage: they are denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. Kà ¼bler-Ross believes when a person experiences a death, they have these emotional responses assuring the process of healing.Read MoreBetraying and Lying in Othello by William Shakespeare1726 Words   |  7 PagesIago is the main problem in everyone’s life. In Othello the main characters are Othello, Desdemona, Iago, and Cassio. Iago causes great conflict between Othello and Desdemona, along with Cassio and Othello. Iago causes all the conflict because he is angry at Othello for making Cassio lieutenant. After Iago put his plan in action he led Othello to a great depression, which caused Othello to do things that he never would have done with a pure mind. Othello will regret that he ever listened to theRead MoreHamlet : Once A Man Of Reason1398 Words   |  6 Pagesidol to many followers of classic literature is William Shakespeare. Shakespeare, having written many classic plays and novels, is widely known for his writing. Hamlet, a widely known play by Shakespeare, has satisfied many audiences as well as scholars during it’s existence. The play, however, has puzzled many members of it’s audience as to what is misconstrued about the main character, Hamlet. Many believe Hamlet has a mental disability that Shakespeare has hidden deep inside the literature. A commonRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Sonnet 291399 Words   |  6 Pages Although â€Å"during much of his lifetime Shakespeare was better known and more admired as a poet than as a playwright,† (Nelles, Par.1) one can argue that William Shakespeare is one of the most brilliant and fascinating British poets, not only of his time, but also to this day. His work is everlasting and promising. Hence, we are still talking about him and discussing his work in the 21st century. His poems leave the reader inspired and wanting more. The techniques he used for his poemsRead MoreHamlet s Rational Mind : William Shakespeare s Hamlet1071 Words   |  5 PagesMicayla Gabrie Mrs. McTaggart English IV, 4th January 28, 2016 Hamlet’s Rational Mind In William Shakespeare s Hamlet, there are many conflicts present that can be applied to modern time. Hamlet, as the protagonist, displays many difficult aspects that haunt mankind to this day. Hamlet is a dynamic character. He believes that he is the smartest person in the room, which most of the time he is. He comes up with conniving schemes to get his revenge. Although Hamlet believes in his brilliant planRead MoreInsane Characters In Edgar Allan Poe And The Shining By Stephen King1569 Words   |  7 Pagesuncle, King Claudius, murdered his father to take control over Denmark, he begins to plan his revenge. In Hamlet, Shakespeare explains the start of Hamlet’s insanity by saying: Here, as before: never so help you mercy How strange or odd some’er I bear myself (As I perchance hereafter shall think meet To put an antic disposition on)...(Shakespeare 1.5.68-72) With these lines, Shakespeare begins to explain to the audience what Hamlet plans to do in order to get revenge on his Uncle. His plan consistsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - The Framework Of Deceit1301 Words   |  6 PagesFramework of Deceit Almost notably, the perception of madness and spying plays the most influential role in the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare. However, when looking closely at the play, it can be argued that the central theme of this tragedy is acting. How Shakespeare presents and lays out the actors and acting makes it a framework for madness and spying. Shakespeare points out the theme of in the dissimilarities of his characters, the deceits that individuals take for granted and the presentationRead MoreCompare And Contrast Hamlet And Twelfth Night1162 Words   |  5 PagesFrom Hilarity to Tragedy in Shakespeare: How Hamlet and Twelfth Night Compare By Zawadi Bunzigiye William Shakespeare wrote plays covering the breadth of human experience. They seem to have transcended the restraints of age because of the universal themes that they contain. His body of his work is comprised of genres of plays varying from tragedies to comedies. Of them, Hamlet and Twelfth Night are perfect examples of both. A comparison between them would be of interest because their common pointsRead MoreComparing Shakespeare s Macbeth And The Catcher 1698 Words   |  7 Pagestheir judgement and situations around them. Shakespeare and J.D. salinger have both created lasting character that continue to relate to youth and adults today, but they do so in different ways. In the course of reading Macbeth and The Catcher in the Rye there were many comparable things, such as the way both characters, Macbeth and Holden, suffer from mental illnesses. Each character seems to suffer from illnesses such as depression, PTSD, and a great sense of guilt. While neither of these characters

Literary Analysis Of Things Fall Apart Themes - 1246 Words

Literary Analysis of Things Fall Apart Themes Masculinity â€Å"Okonkwo ruled his household with a heavy hand. His wives, especially the youngest, lived in perpetual fear of his fiery temper† (Achebe 13). Okonkwo is the definition of hypermasculinity. As someone who condemns all things feminine, he never learned how to express his feelings, leading to him lashing out in violence instead. It is important to note his treatment of the women in his life as well. Okonkwo’s poor, often times abusive relationship with them show the value he places on masculinity, as well as the as the lack of on femininity. â€Å"Even as a little boy he had resented his father’s failure and weakness, and even now he still remembered how he had suffered when a playmate had told him that his father was agbala. That was how Okonkwo first came to know that agbala was not only another name for a woman, it could also mean a man who had taken to title† (13). At the base, Okonkwo s misogyny stems from his father, and the society around him. Sh amed in their tribe, Unoka, Okonkwo s father, was everything he did not want to be as a man. His father was lazy, and irresponsible, all of which are attributes the Umuofia society deemed as ‘feminine’. Out of fear of growing up to be similar to his father, Okonkwo tried to become everything his father was not, and that included being the most masculine man he could be. Religion â€Å"The white man is very clever. He came quietly and peaceably with his religion. We wereShow MoreRelatedThe Struggle Between Tradition and Change1056 Words   |  5 PagesOctober 17, 2012 In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles thatRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1308 Words   |  6 PagesIn Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal them es, and timeless struggles that appeal to every humanRead MoreThe Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart Essays1039 Words   |  5 Pages The Power of Fear in Things Fall Apart In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the theme of the power of fear is presented throughout the whole book and is mainly expressed in the main character, Okonkwo. Okonkwo strives all of his life to become a stronger, more powerful, and a successful individual. He wants to do this because his father was a slack and lazy person who lived most of his life in debt and had no titles to his name. People often looked at his father as a women figureRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Comparison Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagesfight can be seen throughout history books and literary classics such as Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. In Fahrenheit 451, the main character, Guy Montag is fighting against the technological revolution taking place in the 23rd century. He battles with a society full of censorship, where everyone is too caught up with their new gadgets to have meaningful conversations. Okwonko, the main character of Things Fall Apart, is also fighting a battle, a battle againstRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart2105 Words   |  9 Pagesand research the novel â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe so as to be able to understand what the novel is all about. It involves deciphering all relevant interpretations about how one culture develops in direct competition against the emergence of another foreign culture, such as the colonialist. The novel, together with its various themes and aspects of culture therefore portray deep knowledge about the novel. An Analysis of the Book â€Å"Things Fall Apart† One of the mostRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Research Paper931 Words   |  4 Pagesworks. Honestly as horrible it is that he had to go through all of that we should be grateful because without his suffering these masterpieces wouldn’t have been fabricated. While intensifying his philosophy for short stories Edgar Allan Poe wrote â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† reflecting the characteristics of Dark Romantic Movement. Born on January 19, 1809, Edgar’s childhood was no fairy tale. At age three both his parents died and he was sent to live with a tobacco exporter, John Allan in RichmondRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Dear John1624 Words   |  7 Pagescharacterization of John Tyree in Dear John is the most important part of the novel by far—it is the peanut butter to the rest of the novel’s jelly. Dear John is a romance novel written by the acclaimed Nicholas Sparks, in which main character John falls in love with Savannah while on leave from the army, the â€Å"kind of love that leaves Savannah waiting for John to finish his tour of duty, and John wanting to settle down with the woman who has captured his heart† (Sparks, â€Å"Synopsis†). But then John decidesRead MoreAnalysis of George Orwells Shooting an Elephant Essay example1050 Words   |  5 PagesTechnique Analysis of ‘Shooting an elephant’ Written by George Orwell Essay by Arthur Diennet In 1936, George Orwell published his short story ‘Shooting an elephant’ in an English magazine. Since then, it has been republished dozens of times and holds a place as a definitive anti-colonial piece of literature, in an era where the British Empire was at its peak and covered almost 1/3 of the Earth’s surface. George Orwell believed that â€Å"†¦imperialism was an evil thing...† and uses much themes, symbolismRead MorePost-Colonial View on Things Fall Apart Essay1771 Words   |  8 PagesA Post-colonial Analysis of a Changing Society in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart (1958) The desire to conquer land that was previously unexplored has existed throughout history. This desire forced many indigenous societies, who were usually dominated technologically, to adapt to the teachings and overall system of the ‘superior’ conqueror nation with destruction as the only alternative. This causes a major impact on how a certain society functions, even after seeking independence from theRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1702 Words   |  7 Pages Title: Things Fall Apart Biographical information about the author: Chinua Achebe was born in Nigeria in 1930. He had an early career as a radio host, and later became the Senior Research Fellow at the University of Nigeria. After moving to America, he became an English professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Achebe has won numerous awards for his poetry and fiction, including the Man Booker prize and Commonwealth Poetry Price. He currently teaches at Bard College. Author: Chinua

Martin Luther King Jr. And The Non Violent Protest

When most Americans think of the Civil Rights Movement, their focus automatically goes to Martin Luther King Jr. and the importance of the non-violent protest. In an effort to memorialize the best of the Movement, another voice often gets overlooked as schoolchildren celebrate events like Black History Month. This voice is the one of black anger, something that has been frowned upon by society and turned into a stereotype to marginalize very valid emotions. While the legacy of Civil Rights leaders such as King are important to remember, it does the country and the black community a disservice as a whole if the population forgets that many black citizens were also driven by an anger that was often righteous, or one that they at least had numerous reasons for possessing it. One figure that captures that frustrated spirit is Malcolm X. Because of him, Alex Haley’s The Autobiography of Malcolm X is historically significant for capturing the voice of black anger. Beyond the ability to verbalize black anger, the book is also vital because it reveals the complexity of Malcolm X’s thoughts and how he was able to accept change as an important part of helping the black community. By presenting how such an imposing political and moral leader was able to find a way for his anger to coexist with his ability to be surprisingly open-minded at times, the work becomes an important resource because it helps readers realize that they too have the right to be angry at injustice, if they alsoShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesWhy was Martin Luther King Jr. such an inspiration to African Americans in America? Martin Luther King Jr. was an American minister, Civil Rights leader, and activist who had a strong belief in nonviolent protests (history.com; Martin Luther King Jr.). He was the leader behind the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington which were eventually effective and a law was passed to end racial discrimination (history.com; Martin Luther King Jr.). On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested forRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.867 Words   |  4 Pagespeople, one of them is Martin Luther King Jr. He made the world a better place for black citizens by doing non-violence movements and marched the way to freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta Georgia as Michael King Jr., but changed his name to Martin Luther King Jr. in honor of Protestant Martin Luther. Through his activism, King played a pivotal role in ending the legal discrimination of African American citizens. During his childhood, Martin Jr.’s father stronglyRead More The Life And Times Of Martin Luther King, Jr. Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia, the eldest of Martin Luther King, Sr., a Baptist minister, and Alberta Williams King. His Father served as a pastor of a large Atlanta church, Ebenezer Baptist, which had been founded by Martin Luther King, Jr.s maternal grandfather. King, Jr., was ordainded as a Baptist minister at age 18. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;King attended local segrated public school, where he excelled. He entered a nearbyRead MoreBirmingham Campaign Speech Persuasive Speech1639 Words   |  7 PagesInterviewer: Good evening ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr: Good evening, it’s a privilege being here to discuss an important matter with you all. Interviewer: I hear that you re going to talk about the history of Racial Discrimination which happened in Birmingham, 1963. Martin Luther King Jr: Yes, that is true. I believe it is time for the audience to learn the truth about the Birmingham Campaign that happened in 1963. Interviewer: We are tryingRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesAs Martin Luther King, Jr. said, the â€Å"measure† of a man comes not when things are going well, but when things are times are challenging. In the time of the Civil Rights movement, lots of African American people were measured by how they managed difficult situations. The Civil rights movement had many influential leaders and events. The overall importance of the movement was the profound impact it had on American life. The Civil Rights Movement had many important leaders, like Martin Luther KingRead MoreViolent Protest In 1848 : Civil Disobedience896 Words   |  4 PagesBartolomà © Soto Non-violent civil protest is what its known as a direct action from society and it is part of what Henry Thoreau called in his essay on 1848: Civil disobedience†. Civil disobedience, according to Rawls, is a public act of law breach that looks for create awareness among the population about the need to change certain public policies or certain laws that are considered to be unfair. Nowadays, we can see vivid examples of civil disobedience, being the most famous the case of VenezuelaRead MoreThe Legacy of Martin Luther King Jr.1123 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 - April 4, 1968) was known as an activist and a remarkable leader for African Americans throughout the Civil Rights Movement. He was put in jail for his non-violent civil rights campaigns, spoke out for racial justice, and tried to find an end to racial discrimination. King’s legacy is still known present day, and continues to be one of the most well known leaders. Throughout Martin Luther King Jr.’s lifetime and the Civil Rights Movement, King was devotedRead MoreBayard Rustin And The Civil Rights Movement1338 Words   |  6 Pageswas able to mold the movement into a symbol of non-violent resistance in the United States and even the world over. He was also an influential figure who sculpted Martin Luther King Jr, who previously had bodyguards for his family and also carried a personal hand gun, to a fundamental understanding of non-violence (Kates and Singer). Throughout his career in the civil rights movement, Bayard Rustin had to act as a silent force influencing the non-violent actions because he was constantly ostracizedRead More Henry Thoreau’s Influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Thoreau’s Influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Henry David Thoreau was a great American writer, philosopher, and naturalist of the 1800’s who’s writings have influenced many famous leaders in the 20th century, as well as in his own lifetime. Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817, where he was later educated at Harvard University. Thoreau was a transcendentalist writer, which means that he believed that intuition and the individual conscience â€Å"transcend† experienceRead MoreCivil Rights Movement Essay808 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement was a large protest movement during the 1950s and 1960s. It was one of the most intricate social movements to mankind. The Civil Rights Movement was a period where African Americans did not have the same equal rights or treatment as the whites. Instead, African Americans were segregated from whites by not going to school together, having to sit in the back of the bus, not being able to move freely, or not having the right to vote. Ove r the past few decades, the Civil Rights

Alternative To Home Care Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Alternative To Home Care In Ireland. Answer: Discussion of current home care provision The current study discusses the aspect of care services for the ones with intellectual disabilities in Ireland. It is believed that family based or community based care is the best suited approach for care in Ireland (Murphy et al. 2015). Therefore, public care services are only thought to be convenient options in case the community based care services are not available. Additionally, for longer periods of time the responsibility of care for the intellectually challenged or less able was shifted on the shoulders of the women in the family who continued to do it for free (Taggart et al. 2012). However, amidst the changing circumstances the government has made major changes within some of the healthcare policies in order to accommodate advanced care for the ones with cognitive impairment. The need for a more structured public care services could be explained with the help of few of important figures and statistics. As per the estimates from the year 2006, there were 113,000 people aged between 12-55 years who were possessing some kind of intellectual disabilities and needed support (Colomer and de Vries 2016). In order to support the mentally less able the government formulated a number of effective policies and programs. This could further help in restoring the autonomy they could have in making choices regarding the kind of support services they would want to receive. The intellectual disabilities could be attributed to the presence of a number of conditions such developmental delay, fragile X syndrome and Downs syndrome (Millar et al. 2015). The Irish support care consists of a mixture of public and private care structures. A large portion of supportive care is provided by private market based services. The Irish healthcare relies heavily on women and most of it is unpaid care (Simplican et al. 2015). Majority of the care services are attended by general medical practitioners within their homes rather than specialised care services at hospitals. As commented by McMahon et al. (2017), extended form of care is provided by some of the healthcare organizations such as providing meal on wheels for the ones with limited capacitates. Reports and figures have also suggested that two-thirds within the elderly population of Ireland had functional disability and would prefer to receive support care within the comfort of their homes (Chadwick et al. 2013). However, most of the times the ones with cognitive disabilities are left alone at home by their respective family members who often need to travel out of the country due to work p urpose. Additionally, the community based voluntary care services are not comprehensive in its approach and design and therefore lack the basic skills for the delivery of specialised health support services (Doody 2012). As per the breakdown of residential accommodation, in 61% of the cases the family members of the ones with intellectual disabilities would prefer privatized care services over public support services. As mentioned by Murphy et al. (2015), lack of sufficient infrastructure and less availability of finances deteriorated the quality of mental health care services offered by the Ireland based public health care organizations. Legislative framework and policy provision There are a number of policies and legal framework underlining the care of the disabled population in Ireland. One such framework which could be discussed over here is Towards 2016; Ten -Year Framework Social Partnership Agreement 2006-2015. Some of the objectives outlined in the Towards 2016 framework are to provide the individuals with intellectual disability the chance to live an independent and autonomous life (Ali et al. 2012). This was to ensure that they are able to make their decisions without depending on others from support. Additionally, the National Disability Strategy (NDS), 2004, was introduced with the aim of improving the participation of people with disabilities within the society. The main legislative structure supporting the policy is the Disability Act, 2005, which focuses upon making such disability services as a part of the mainstream (McCarron et al. 2013). Under this act the people with disabilities were entitled to a number of services such as: Having their health needs accessed Accessing of individual complaints and appeals The department of justice and equality has been working together for the integration of the National Disability Strategy and the UN convention on the Rights of People with disabilities (inclusionireland.ie 2018). Additionally, the Equal Status Act 2000 and 2004 promote equality and prohibit discrimination against people with discrimination. One of the most important legislation which was drawn in this favour was the National Housing Strategy for people with a disability, 2011-2016. Most people in Ireland with intellectual disabilities have their services delivered by one organization only (Ryan et al. 2014). These include accommodation needs, medical and social services. The service providers receive funding from the HSE to look after the various needs of a disabled person (Coppus 2013). In this respect, a person is assigned a particular service provider from the very beginning leaving them with very few options for change. As argued by McGlinchey et al. (2013), this provides the dis abled population with intellectual disabilities little or no option to excise their personal choice in the selection of care provider. As per new regulation, people with disability regardless of their housing situation were to be considered for allotment of new housing options under the residential care scheme (Iacono et al. 2013). Reflection on team work competencies (UNSTAR model) Team work is one of the most important attributes of health care and support. A well coordinated team ensures that effective flow of services is maintained for the maximum welfare of the patient and their respective families. Therefore, undertaking group project and presentation can help me develop teamwork skills and competencies. Working as a part of team and taking part in combined projects requires a number of key skills and competencies. Some of these are communication skills, problem solving skills, listening and feedback skills. The amalgamation and optimization of such skills can make a team strong. However, as supported by Garca Iriarte et al. (2014), individual contribution is necessary for the success of the entire or the whole team in a care setup. Therefore, working as a part of a team in an aged care set up helped me in developing my communication as well as problem solving skills. It was required that I communicate actively across the team in order to understand the di fferent requirements of the care process delivery. One of the manner in which the team communication aspect could be supported is by active note taking. Note taking and roster formation are some of the habits which can help me prevent the occurrence of an untoward incident within a care set up. Additionally, participating in group presentations has helped me develop my analytical skills further. The sharing of feedback during preparation of group presentation helped me develop my creative thinking skills. Additionally, practising of active listening approaches can help me relate better with the grievances faced by the patients as well as understand my tasks well during the team briefing sessions. In addition, dealing with patients with intellectual disabilities often results in situations where the patient may be showing challenging behaviour. As commented by Amado et al. (2013), practising therapeutic communication approaches with patients with cognitive disabilities can help me in understanding the issues faced by them. However, I have also faced a number of challenges working as part of a team. Some of these were regarding communication issues faced due to language mismatch. In this respect, some of my co-workers within the healthcare team were from different nationalities, which resulted in a communication gap. I often felt that lack of support from a supervisor also result in service gaps. As commented by Iacono et al. (2014), a number of ethical barriers are faced when dealing w ith old age group patients with intellectual disabilities admitted in hospitals. The tasks and the roles performed by an individual within a team could be further explained with the help of an UNSTAR model. The model could be broken into fragments such as UN-intellectual understanding, S/T- situation/ task, A-actions and R-result. Attributes Factors Intellectual understanding I need to understand the key objectives that the team needs to deliver. Situation I need to develop knowledge in using skills such as SBAR which can help me in analysing the situation of the aged client better. Task I need to collaborate well with the team and follow the roster prepared for effective delivery of the tasks within the care set up. Actions I need to consult my team before deciding upon the course of action to be followed for certain patients. The actions should be followed by sufficient risk analysis Result The results should be discussed within the team which will help in learning regarding the gaps or loopholes within the process. Table: Team and self competencies using UNSTAR model (Source: Author) The UNSTAR model can help me develop my team work competencies better as it would help in meeting the key objectives of the work process. Additionally, working under an experienced team can also help me in learning evidence based assessment techniques which could help in analysing the situation of the patient better serving in an acute healthcare setting. One of the most important aspects of working as part of team is that it will help me in understanding my loopholes better. Additionally, working within a team would also mean that I can take help from the seniors in understanding certain jobs and their specific requirements. One of the most important skills which are required working as part of a team is effective negotiation skills. This would help me in settling down the disputes with my team members while working as part of a team. Additionally, working as part of a group would also help me develop better problem solving approach which will help me deal with future challenges aff ectively. References Ali, A., Hassiotis, A., Strydom, A. and King, M., 2012. Self stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and courtesy stigma in family carers: A systematic review.Research in developmental disabilities,33(6), pp.2122-2140. Amado, A.N., Stancliffe, R.J., McCarron, M. and McCallion, P., 2013. Social inclusion and community participation of individuals with intellectual/developmental disabilities.Intellectual and developmental disabilities,51(5), pp.360-375. Chadwick, D.D., Mannan, H., Garcia Iriarte, E., McConkey, R., O'brien, P., Finlay, F., Lawlor, A. and Harrington, G., 2013. Family voices: life for family carers of people with intellectual disabilities in Ireland.Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,26(2), pp.119-132. Colomer, J. and de Vries, J., 2016. Person-centred dementia care: a reality check in two nursing homes in Ireland.Dementia,15(5), pp.1158-1170. Coppus, A.M.W., 2013. People with intellectual disability: What do we know about adulthood and life expectancy?.Developmental disabilities research reviews,18(1), pp.6-16. Doody, O., 2012. Families views on their relatives with intellectual disability moving from a long?stay psychiatric institution to a community?based intellectual disability service: an Irish context.British Journal of Learning Disabilities,40(1), pp.46-54. Garca Iriarte, E., O'brien, P., McConkey, R., Wolfe, M. and O'doherty, S., 2014. Identifying the key concerns of Irish persons with intellectual disability.Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,27(6), pp.564-575. Iacono, T., Bigby, C., Unsworth, C., Douglas, J. and Fitzpatrick, P., 2014. A systematic review of hospital experiences of people with intellectual disability.BMC health services research,14(1), p.505. inclusionireland.ie (2018), inclusionireland.ie , Available at : https://www.inclusionireland.ie/sites/default/files/documents/position_paper_on_implementing_the_nds_ [Accessed on 25 Feb. 2018] McCarron, M., Swinburne, J., Burke, E., McGlinchey, E., Carroll, R. and McCallion, P., 2013. Patterns of multimorbidity in an older population of persons with an intellectual disability: results from the intellectual disability supplement to the Irish longitudinal study on aging (IDS-TILDA).Research in developmental disabilities,34(1), pp.521-527. McGlinchey, E., McCallion, P., Burke, E., Carroll, R. and McCarron, M., 2013. Exploring the issue of employment for adults with an intellectual disability in Ireland.Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,26(4), pp.335-343. McMahon, D.L., Twomey, M., OReilly, M. and Devins, M., 2017. Referrals to a perinatal specialist palliative care consult service in Ireland, 20122015.Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition, pp.17. Millar, A.N., Hughes, C.M. and Ryan, C., 2015. Its very complicated: a qualitative study of medicines management in intermediate care facilities in Northern Ireland.BMC health services research,15(1), p.216. Murphy, C.M., Whelan, B.J. and Normand, C., 2015. Formal home?care utilisation by older adults in Ireland: evidence from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA).Health social care in the community,23(4), pp.408-418. Ryan, A., Taggart, L., Truesdale?Kennedy, M. and Slevin, E., 2014. Issues in caregiving for older people with intellectual disabilities and their ageing family carers: a review and commentary.International journal of older people nursing,9(3), pp.217-226. Simplican, S.C., Leader, G., Kosciulek, J. and Leahy, M., 2015. Defining social inclusion of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: An ecological model of social networks and community participation.Research in developmental disabilities,38, pp.18-29. Taggart, L., Truesdale-Kennedy, M., Ryan, A. and McConkey, R., 2012. Examining the support needs of ageing family carers in developing future plans for a relative with an intellectual disability.Journal of Intellectual Disabilities,16(3), pp.217-234.

References Essays - Cognitive Disorders, Psychiatric Diagnosis

References Beach, Thomas G. (1987). The history of Alzheimer's Disease: three debates. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 42, 327-349. Blenow, Kaj, Wallin, Anders Clinical subgroups of Alzheimer's Disease. In V. Olga, B. Emory and Thomas E. Oxman (Eds.), Dementia: Presentations, Differential Diagnosis, and Nosology. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press. Carson, Robert C and Butcher, James N (1992). Abnormal psychology and modern life. New York: Harper Collins publishers Clarfield, A. Mark. (1989). Canadian consensus conference of the assessment of dementia. Montreal: the Canadian Consensus Conference on the Assessment of Dementia. Cummings, Jeffery L. (1988). Dementia of the Alzheimer type: challenges and definition and clinical diagnosis. In Harry A. Whitaker (Ed.), Neuropsychological studies of nonfocal brain damage. New York: Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Derix, Mayke M.A. (1994). Neuropsychological differentiation of dementia syndromes. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger B.V., Lisse. Graves, Amy B. and Kukull, Walter A. (1994). The epidemiology of dementia. In John C. Morris (Ed.), Handbook of dementing illnesses. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. Hart, Siobhan and Semple, James M (1990). Neuropsychology and the dementias. London: Taylor & Francis Ltd. Katzman, Robert, Lasker, Bruce and Bernstein, Nancy. (1988) Advances in the diagnosis of dementia: accuracy of diagnosis and consequences of misdiagnosis of disorders causing dementia. In Robert D. Terry (Ed.), Aging and the brain. New York: Raven Press. Lezak, Muriel Deutsch. (1995). Neuropsychological assessment (Third edition). New York: Oxford University Press. Mahendra, B. (1984). Dementia a survey of the syndrome of dementia. Lancaster: MTP Press Limited. Marco, L.A. (1995). Alzheimer's dementia and related disorders: genetic and molecular pathology. In Manfred Bergner and Sanford I. Finkel (Eds.), Treating Alzheimer's and other dementias. New York: Springer Publishing. Mirra, Suzanne S., The neuropathology of dementia. In John C. Morris (Ed.), Handbook of dementing illnesses. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. Morris, John C. (1994). Evaluation of the demented patient. In John C. Morris (Ed.), Handbook of dementing illnesses. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. Plum, Fred. (1987). Dementia. In George Adelman (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Neuroscience (Volume 1). Boston: Birkhauser. Schmitt, Frederick A. and Sano, Mary C. (1994). Neuropsychological approaches to the study of dementia. In John C. Morris (Ed.), Handbook of dementing illnesses. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. Schneider, Lon S. (1994). Experimental pharmacotherapy of primary symptoms of dementia. In John C. Morris (Ed.), Handbook of dementing illnesses. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.